However, when referring to a city and the state in which it is located, although chicago recommends retaining the spelledout version of the state name san diego, california, ap style calls for abbreviating the state name san diego, calif. The difference between ap and chicago styles free download as pdf file. The chicago manual of style 2017 agreesbut chicago allows for exceptions. Chicago manual of style given after each heading below. Chicago manual of style basics the journalists resource. Here is a list of their abbreviations, the old testament. The chicago manual of style recommends not using a comma to separate the jr. But as a proofreader, it pays to know the subtleties of punctuation in chicago style.
State abbreviations are all two letters, and these two letters are always capitalized without any periods. The style should always be consistent within a page. Other style manuals recommended to supplement this are the usgs suggestions to authors, the government printing office style manual, strunk and whites the elements of style, and the chicago manual of style. These official state abbreviations have all been standardized by the united states postal service. The abbreviation style used in quotations from written sources should always be written exactly as in the original source, unless it is a wikipediamade translation. This page reflects the latest version of the apa publication manual i. For information regarding the parenthetical authordate system of source citation, please refer to chapter 15 of the. The names of us states and territories are abbreviated i.
A list of acceptable, commonly used abbreviations can be found in the chicago manual of style, 17th ed. For example, the performance took place on february 2, 2006, at the state theatre in ithaca. Although the military puts the entire abbreviation in caps with no periods, it is standard for nonmilitary publications to use forms more familiar to readers, such as those in the associated press. Chapter 10 contents the chicago manual of style online. The names of us states and territories are abbreviated in the. Jul 07, 2019 the chicago manual of style 2017 agreesbut chicago allows for exceptions.
Standard abbreviations may be used in your citations. Abbreviations define at first mention in the abstract, and then redefine at first mention in the text. Chicago manual of style 17th edition purdue writing lab. In bibliographies, lists, charts where space is at a premium, reference lists, footnotes and endnotes, and in mailing addresses, state names are usually shortened using the postal abbreviation. States and territory abbreviations in chicago style note that some states and territories have traditionally not been abbreviated.
The examples included here are formatted in the notes and bibliography system of source citation. The postal abbreviation is the same as the iso 31662 subdivision code for each of the fifty states. Chicago manual of style how is chicago manual of style. These notes are based largely on the chicago manual of style, 16th edition, with some nuances from publication manual of the american psychological association, fifth edition. Chicago style attributes the use of the older forms of abbreviations to the personal preference of. I normally use the ap style for state abbreviations. If a guideline conflicts with the correct usage of a proper name, ignore it. For examplevarious authorities support this rule e. Us without periods is more common in most other national forms of english. If youre using the chicago manual of style 17 th ed.
Maybe you were looking for one of these abbreviations. They are rarely listed in the chicago style bibliography. This preference, however, applied only to published documents among other factors, small capitals werent an option on typewriters. If the term is mentioned only once in the abstract, it should be written out in full. Chicago style differs from ap style state abbreviations in that chicago style allows these twoletter, noperiod abbreviations to be used anywhere where state abbreviations are otherwise appropriate. May use both abbreviation and full term throughout text. The chicago manual of style, like both mla and apa, defers to the bluebook for legal citations. Information taken from the chicago manual of style. The ohio state university librarie university libraries.
Kgspublications and library servicesstyle manual and word. Some of the more often used examples are listed here. The chicago manual of style and the associated press stylebook agree on one thing. For all other abbreviations, ap uses its own state abbreviations and chicago prefers postal abbreviations but has its own state abbreviations should that style be more appropriate for your publication. Chicago, a guide comparing associated press style and chicago style for editors, writers, teachers, students, word nerds, and anyone else who gives a dollar sign, ampersand, exclamation point, and pound sign about style. When referring to a state on its own, spell the state name out california became a state in 1850.
Mar 04, 2021 the chicago manual of style, like both mla and apa, defers to the bluebook for legal citations. Tarrant county college libraries how to document sources in. Chicago style clashes with journalism writing on two points. References thauthordate style, chicago 15 edition, reference style r in text citation. Chicagoturabian footnote citation guide turabian style commonly refers to a manual for writers of research papers, theses, and dissertations, which is based on the chicago style. For mailing addresses, ap and chicago both default to the twoletter postal abbreviations. A slight modification of chicago style is known as turabian style, which is geared more toward the types of citation students encounter. This applies to chicago manual of style and the american psychological association style apa. Home common abbreviations for books of the bible chicago.
The chicago manual of style online is the venerable, timetested guide to style, usage, and grammar in an accessible online format. For nearly a century, chicago s preferred form was the third. Abbreviations personal names and titles firms and companies agencies and organizations saints and personal names with saint or st. Some major american guides to style, such as the chicago manual of style 16th ed.
Government printing office, chicago style recommends the abbreviation when the united states is used as an adjective. How to abbreviate united states erin wright writing. Abbreviate units of measure where preceded by a numerical value. I strongly prefer the spelledout style because it eliminates confusion about the name of the state.
Archives division, new york public library, new york city, united states of. Postal and traditional state abbreviations reference guide. Get the most popular abbreviation for chicago manual of style updated in 2021. Vp, ceo, ma, md, phd, uk, us, ny, il but see the next rule. This page is not thrilling reading, and you should view it primarily as a reference guide. When you follow chicago style to write us department of energy, you are abbreviating the fuller form of the name. Turabians manual for writers of research papers, theses, and. Oct 31, 2017 this months workout, abbreviation of names and titles, centers on cmos 17, paragraphs 10. A place for twoletter state abbreviations businesswritingblog. Legal publications only need to be cited in the notes, not the bibliography unless you have a secondary publication, like a book in which the legal publication appears, in which case cmos takes over. A bit more complex than either the mla or the apa, it offers two approaches for documenting sources.
The chicago manual of style abbreviated in writing as cmos or cms, or sometimes as chicago is a style guide for american english published since 1906 by the university of chicago press. Its 17 editions have prescribed writing and citation styles widely used in publishing. According to the chicago manual of style, 17th edition, personal communications, such as letters, emails, text messages, and phone calls are usually referenced in the footnotes and endnotes or explained in the text of the paper. Use no periods with abbreviations that appear in full capitals, whether two letters or more and even if lowercase letters appear within the abbreviation. However, the chicago manual of style now recommends use of the uppercase twoletter abbreviations, with the traditional forms as an option. Scientific style guides say to omit periods in capitalized abbreviations. Parts of a citation chicago manual of style the nature of. The following chart shows some of the major differences in punctuation style between the associated press stylebook 2018 edition and the chicago manual of style 17th edition. Style guidelines gsp conforms to the chicago manual of style. Authors first name last name, title city, state abbreviation. In apa, abbreviations should be limited to instances when a the abbreviation is standard and will not interfere with the readers understanding and b.
The chicago manual of style notes that, in running texts, the books of the bible are generally spelled out, but in parenthetical citations or notes they can sometimes, when appropriate, be abbreviated. Abbreviations of states in running text, the names of states, territories, and possessions of the united states should always be spelled out when standing alone and when following the name of. The name of the organization is the united states department of energy. Use state codes after the city only if the city is not well known or may be confused with a different place 14. It is the indispensable reference for writers, editors, proofreaders, indexers, copywriters, designers, and publishers, informing the editorial canon with sound, definitive advice. According to the chicago stylebook, states names should be completely spelled out not abbreviated when they stand alone and preferably with the exception.
Subscribers to the chicago manual of style online may click through to the linked sections of the manual. The equivalent resource for the older apa 6 style can be found here. What is the abbreviation for chicago manual of style. When style issues are implicated in this guide, i have usually deferred to the chicago manual of style, 17th edition. Using a style manual ensures quality, clarity, and consistency in our publications. Some is just to remind the reader of standard usage e. A concise guide 2 of 16 abbreviations and omissible parts of a publishers name in notes and bibliography, an initial the is omitted from a publishers name, as are such abbreviations as inc. In this discussion, as in the manual, the word abbreviation may also refer to initialisms, acronyms, and contractions. The chicago manual of style chicago style says that both the unit ed states and the abbreviation us can be used as a noun. Political science reference guide for chicago manual of style. Each of theseincluding am and pmis a legitimate choice. In running text, ap and chicago both spell out state names.
Turabians a manual for writers of term papers, theses, and dissertations, 6th edition. Acronyms and abbreviations should conform to the chicago manual of style. Chicago manual of style the following entries illustrate the citation style according to chicago manual of style, 16th edition. Refer to this book to answer questions about abbreviations, although these will be rare. In business writing, when you refer in text to a city state combination, such as orlando, florida, spell out the state name if you follow the guidelines of the chicago manual of style chicago or the gregg reference manual gregg. The most recent edition of the chicago manual of style is available online at. When referring to a state on its own, spell the state name out california. May 01, 2009 and unlike ap, chicago style reflects the current state of the art in typography accents and italics are embraced, for example. Todays workout, abbreviations overview, centers on sections 10. The chicago manual of style cmos contains a lot of information on punctuation. Section 8 minnesota office of the revisor of statutes. Dec 11, 2019 chicago style attributes the use of the older forms of abbreviations to the personal preference of the writer and editor the chicago manual of style cms format uses citations in three places. Abbreviations chicago referencing guide help and support at. This guide is largely based on style recommendations from the 14th edition of the chicago manual of style, however, you may also wish to consult the 6th edition of kate turabians a manual for writers of term papers, theses, and dissertations chicago.
1077 231 1327 1165 1318 1320 1227 1133 1172 798 1436 407 1407 704 863 179 163 1320 33 457 167 76 1058 1042 415 1448 45